U.S. Volunteers

Explore the Spanish Civil War through the stories of each of the United States volunteers who signed the fan. 

Harold Dean: Defending Workers’ Rights

Maurice Hawkins: An Unconventional Fighter 

Bali Kilas: Encountering Black American Volunteers

Walter Chester (Ted) Lewis: Only Fragments

Frank Madigan: Feeding the Troops

Michael Feller: Faith and Family on the Front Lines

Harry Moshier: A Worker Fighting Fascism

John Palu: Medical Care in the Spanish Civil War

Raymond Pedrero Pérez: Art of Protest

Peter Leroy Reed: Volunteered to Go, Forced to Stay

Carl Slater: Struggles and Activism

John Stuivenberg: Belonging Nowhere

Michael Sidorovich: Spain, Spies, and Soviet Ties

Bob Steffens: Journalism from the Trenches

Marshall Yermendjian: Living in a Troubled Century

Joe Yonules: The Journey Home

Hans Maslowski: Keeper of the Fan

Short Profiles of the American Volunteers